{"id":1995,"date":"2020-09-20T11:36:03","date_gmt":"2020-09-20T03:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eumz.com\/?p=1995"},"modified":"2020-09-20T11:36:03","modified_gmt":"2020-09-20T03:36:03","slug":"linux-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%ef%bc%9a%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e4%b9%8b%e5%89%8d%e7%9a%84%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/?p=1995","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60\u5bb9\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5fc5\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e91\u6280\u672f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u91cf\u6709\u5173\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5fc5\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\uff1aLinux\u00ae \u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e91\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u4ee5 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u5e26\u60a8\u9010\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762 (CLI) \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u60a8\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4f7f\u7528 CLI\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u662f Linux \u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5165\u95e8\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u80fd\u4f7f\u60a8\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u5411\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"0\">\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4e13\u95e8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u786e\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u89e3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4f4e\u4f30\u60a8\u73b0\u6709\u7684 Linux \u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u6211\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u201cLinux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u4ecb\u201d\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u8be6\u5b9e\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.org\/threads\/file-hierarchy-standard-fhs.9999\/\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u77e5\u9053\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u5411\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5173\u5982\u4f55\u8f7b\u677e\u6d4f\u89c8\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u9192\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u89c2\u5bdf\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u6b64\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-cd-\">\u4f7f\u7528 cd \u66f4\u6539\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>cd<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef shell\u4e2d\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u6240\u9700\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8 GNU\/Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u7528\u5230\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd &#91;directory]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u66f4\u591a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>[directory]<\/code>&nbsp;\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u5230\u7684\u6240\u9700\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u5230\u8fbe\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684<strong>\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/li><li>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/li><li>\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6269\u5c55<\/li><li>\u7279\u6b8a\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3\">\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u7528&nbsp;<code>\/<\/code>&nbsp;\u8868\u793a\uff09\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u662f&nbsp;<code>jsmith<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u5176\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5c06\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/home\/jsmith\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u7b80\u660e\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u5728\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u952e\u5165&nbsp;<code>cd<\/code>&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u76f8\u5f53\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u957f\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-799x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1998\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5230&nbsp;<code>pacific_rose<\/code>&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5c06\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\/fruits\/apples\/pacific_rose\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762 (CLI)\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u7684 CLI\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u952e\u5165\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u4fbf\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<em>\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e<\/em>\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\/<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;<code>fruits<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u4fbf\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd fruits\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b&nbsp;<code>fruits<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u672a\u5728&nbsp;<code>cd<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u65c1\u8fb9\u6307\u5b9a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u5047\u8bbe\u201d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bfc\u822a\u5230&nbsp;<code>fruits<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>pwd<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ pwd\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\/fruits\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>pwd<\/code>\uff08\u6216\u6253\u5370\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5\">\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6269\u5c55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u542b&nbsp;<strong>Bash Shell<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7684\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd ~\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7&nbsp;<code>~<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b57\u7b26\u6620\u5c04\u5230&nbsp;<code>$HOME<\/code>&nbsp;\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6b64\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u800c\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Jane Smith\uff0c<code>cd ~<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;<code>\/home\/jsmith<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e Mark Jones\uff08\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u540d&nbsp;<code>mjones<\/code>&nbsp;\u767b\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;<code>\/home\/mjones<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><code>~<\/code>&nbsp;\u2013 \u6620\u5c04\u5230 $HOME \u76ee\u5f55<\/li><li><code>~\/grocery_store<\/code>&nbsp;\u2013 $HOME \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684&nbsp;<code>grocery_store<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/li><li><code>~mjones\/grocery_store<\/code>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<code>mjones<\/code>&nbsp;\u7528\u6237\u7684 $HOME \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d<em>\u4e13\u95e8<\/em>\u5b58\u5728\u7684&nbsp;<code>grocery_store<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6\">\u7279\u6b8a\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u5355\u8c08\u8c08<em>\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9<\/em>\u3002\u6309\u7167&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/teaching.idallen.com\/dat2330\/04f\/notes\/links_and_inodes.html\">Ian D. Allen<\/a>&nbsp;\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<em>\u201c\u5728 Unix \u4e0a\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u5b58\u50a8\uff1b\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u201d<\/em>\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6620\u5c04\u5230<em>\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u7f16\u53f7<\/em>\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>..<\/code>\uff08\u53cc\u70b9\uff09\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684<strong>\u7236\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff08\u4e0a\u79fb\u4e00\u5c42\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd ..\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06&nbsp;<code>..<\/code>\uff08\u53cc\u70b9\uff09\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u4e0a\u79fb\u591a\u5c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ pwd\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\/fruits\n$ cd ..\/..\/\n$ pwd\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\n$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece&nbsp;<code>fruits<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0a\u79fb\u5230&nbsp;<code>foods<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4e0a\u79fb\u4e24\u5c42\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>-<\/code>\uff08\u77ed\u6a2a\u7ebf\uff09\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd -\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6d4f\u89c8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65e0\u8bba\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>-<\/code>\uff08\u77ed\u6a2a\u7ebf\uff09\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-pushd-popd-\">\u4f7f\u7528 pushd\/popd \u66f4\u6539\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Linux \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>pushd<\/code>\u3001<code>popd<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>dirs<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a shell \u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5806\u6808\u6216 LIFO\uff08\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<code>pushd<\/code>&nbsp;\u53ef\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c&nbsp;<code>popd<\/code>&nbsp;\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6211\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c<code>pushd<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>popd<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6211\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u5efa\u6240\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u201c\u9762\u5305\u5c51\u75d5\u8ff9\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\u60a8\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u5c06\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5148\u524d\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>dirs<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u5076\u5c14\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5806\u6808\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f&nbsp;<code>pushd<\/code>\u3001<code>popd<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>dirs<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece&nbsp;<code>\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/<\/code>&nbsp;\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>pushd<\/code>&nbsp;\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230&nbsp;<code>produce<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ pushd produce\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u73b0\u5728\u662f&nbsp;<code>\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86&nbsp;<code>pushd<\/code>&nbsp;\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982&nbsp;<code>dirs<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ dirs\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\n$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff08\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\uff09\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>pushd<\/code>&nbsp;\u6765\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;<code>meats<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ pushd \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/meats\n$ dirs\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/meats \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\n$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u589e\u957f\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>popd<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5220\u9664\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u56de&nbsp;<code>\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ popd\n$ pwd\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8be5\u5217\u8868\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ dirs\n\/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\n$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u5438\u5f15\u60a8\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7\">\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u76ee\u5f55\u6d4f\u89c8\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u76ee\u5f55\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7&nbsp;<code>mkdir<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ mkdir &#91;target]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>[target]<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0c<code>mkdir<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c06\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff09\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7ea7\u522b\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u6237\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ mkdir \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce\/veggies\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728&nbsp;<code>home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/produce<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa&nbsp;<code>veggies<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c<code>-p<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<em>\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7<\/em>\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ mkdir -p \/home\/jsmith\/grocery_store\/foods\/meats\/{beef,fish,chicken,pork\/{bacon,sausage}}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c<code>-p<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6b64\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5148\u524d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728&nbsp;<code>meats<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff08<em>\u5e76\u975e<\/em>\u5148\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4e86&nbsp;<code>beef<\/code>\u3001<code>fish<\/code>\u3001<code>chicken<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>pork<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728&nbsp;<code>pork<\/code>&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<code>bacon<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>sausage<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u5173&nbsp;<code>mkdir<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lifewire.com\/create-directories-linux-mkdir-command-3991847\">\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6709\u5173\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 mkdir \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 lifewire \u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8\">\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e GUI \u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece CLI \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-ls-\">\u4f7f\u7528 ls \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>ls<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u7684\u7b80\u5355&nbsp;<code>ls<\/code>&nbsp;\u4ee5\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5411\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;<code>-l<\/code>&nbsp;\u6807\u5fd7\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>-a<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ghacks.net\/2009\/04\/16\/linux-tips-view-hidden-files\/\">\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6<\/a>\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6307\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u684c\u9762\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls -a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ls \u7684\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684&nbsp;<code>ls<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u540d\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>ls \u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>ls -lh<\/code><\/td><td>\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06&nbsp;<code>-l<\/code>&nbsp;\u4e0e&nbsp;<code>-h<\/code>&nbsp;\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u201d\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ls -F<\/code><\/td><td>\u5411\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u9644\u52a0&nbsp;<code>\/<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ls -R<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ls -r<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ee5\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u51fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ls -lS<\/code><\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c<em>\u6700\u5148<\/em>\u663e\u793a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ls -ltr<\/code><\/td><td>\u5c06&nbsp;<code>-l<\/code>\u3001<code>-t<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>-r<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<em>\u6700\u540e<\/em>\u663e\u793a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-cat-\">\u4f7f\u7528 cat \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f&nbsp;<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f<em>\u201cconcatenate\uff08\u62fc\u63a5\uff09\u201d<\/em>\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u51fa\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cat pacific_rose\nThis is a test file.\n$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>pacific_rose<\/code>&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u6587\u672c\u201cThis is a test file.\u201d<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u5305\u542b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7b80\u4fbf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/an-introduction-to-linux-i-o-redirection\">\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/a>\u7ec4\u5408\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cat > granny_smith\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>granny_smith<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cat apple1.txt apple2.txt apple3.txt > three_apples.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f<em>\u201cconcatenate\uff08\u62fc\u63a5\uff09\u201d<\/em>\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>&gt;<\/code>&nbsp;\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6807\u5fd7\uff08\u6216\u9009\u9879\uff09\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u4e0e&nbsp;<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><code>cat -n<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c06\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u65c1\u8fb9\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7\u3002<\/li><li><code>cat -e<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c06\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u548c\u884c\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5&nbsp;<code>$<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li><li><code>cat -T<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c06\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4ee5\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u5206\u9694\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u5173\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>cat<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u7bc7<a href=\"http:\/\/www.linfo.org\/cat.html\">\u6709\u5173 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u7684 LINFO \u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-more-less-\">\u4f7f\u7528 more\/less \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>more<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>less<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<code>more<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>less<\/code>&nbsp;\u90fd\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u586b\u6ee1\u5c4f\u5e55\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u65f6\u6682\u505c\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u6216\u6309\u4efb\u610f\u952e\u7ee7\u7eed\u67e5\u770b\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<code>less<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c<code>less<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e&nbsp;<code>more<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>less<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d<em>\u540e\u9000<\/em>\uff0c\u800c&nbsp;<code>more<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5411\u524d\u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-vim-emacs-pico-\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668 (vim\/emacs\/pico)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60 Linux \u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u60a8\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u521b\u5efa\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\/\u6216\u4ece\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>vi\/vim<\/li><li>emacs<\/li><li>pico<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3001\u7f3a\u70b9\u548c\u7279\u8272\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5439\u5618\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u63d0\u793a\/\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>vi\/vim:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/danielmiessler.com\/study\/vim\/\">Learn vim For the Last Time: Tutorial and Primer<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>emacs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jesshamrick.com\/2012\/09\/10\/absolute-beginners-guide-to-emacs\/\">Absolute Beginners Guide to emacs<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>pico<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cs.colostate.edu\/helpdocs\/pico.html\">Basic Pico Commands<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"10\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a Linux \u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u60a8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u53d8\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls -l\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 08:30 brisket.txt\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 08:30 ground.txt\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 08:30 ribs.txt\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 08:30 tar_tar.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7531&nbsp;<code>-rw-r--r--<\/code>&nbsp;\u6570\u636e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0a\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u5e10\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7ec4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\uff08\u5373\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6388\u4e88\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\u8bfb (r)\u3001\u5199 (w) \u548c\u6267\u884c (x)\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u4e0b\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u6839\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e10\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u9605\u8bfb&nbsp;<code>brisket.txt<\/code>&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff08\u5e76\u4e14\u5ffd\u7565\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;<code>-<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u7528\u6237<\/th><th>\u7ec4<\/th><th>\u5176\u4ed6<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>rw (\u8bfb\u5199)<\/td><td>r (\u8bfb)<\/td><td>r (\u8bfb)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u5c06\u8868\u793a\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>rwx<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237&nbsp;<code>jdoe<\/code>&nbsp;\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c<code>staff<\/code>&nbsp;\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5747\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3 UGO\uff08\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7ec4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u901a\u8bfb<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.com\/learn\/getting-know-linux-file-permissions\">\u6d45\u6790 Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/a>\u4e00\u6587\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-chmod-\">\u4f7f\u7528 chmod \u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<code>chmod<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650\u4f7f bash \u811a\u672c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u8c03\u7528\u811a\u672c\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u201d\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls -l script_to_run.sh\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 13:33 script_to_run.sh\n$ chmod u+x script_to_run.sh\n$ ls -l script_to_run.sh\n-rwxr--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 13:33 script_to_run.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>script_to_run.sh<\/code>&nbsp;\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86&nbsp;<code>+x<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c5e\u6027\u3002 \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u811a\u672c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u7528\u6237&nbsp;<code>jdoe<\/code>&nbsp;\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ chmod ug+x script_to_run.sh\n$ ls -l script_to_run.sh\n-rwxr-xr--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 13:33 script_to_run.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c06&nbsp;<code>u<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u6237\uff09\u548c&nbsp;<code>g<\/code>\uff08\u7ec4\uff09\u4e0e&nbsp;<code>chmod<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5e10\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002<code>+<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b57\u7b26\u6dfb\u52a0\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c<code>-<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u6b64\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ ls -l script_to_run.sh\n-rwxr-xr--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 13:33 script_to_run.sh\n$ chmod ug-x script_to_run.sh # note the - character here\n$ ls -l script_to_run.sh\n-rw-r--r--  1 jdoe  staff  0 Mar 15 13:33 script_to_run.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u60a8\u6240\u89c1\uff0c<code>chmod<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5fae\u8c03\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-docker-\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Docker \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8\uff0c\u8ba9\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 GNU\/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u8f7b\u677e\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec8\u7aef shell\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684 Docker\u3001Kubernetes \u548c Istio \u6559\u7a0b\u548c Code Pattern \u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u8981\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b Docker \u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5165\u95e8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-docker-\">\u6784\u5efa Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>docker images<\/code><\/td><td>\u5217\u51fa\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker rmi [IMG]<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u955c\u50cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e2d\u5220\u9664&nbsp;<code>[IMG]<\/code>&nbsp;\u955c\u50cf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker build -t [TAG] .<\/code><\/td><td>\u901a\u8fc7\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684 Dockerfile \u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Docker \u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>[TAG]<\/code>\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-docker-\">\u8fd0\u884c Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>docker run --name [CNT]<\/code><\/td><td>\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>[CNT]<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker run -it<\/code><\/td><td>\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f1a\u8bdd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)<\/code><\/td><td>\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5bb9\u5668<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker ps<\/code><\/td><td>\u5217\u51fa\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5bb9\u5668<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-docker-\">\u53d1\u653e Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>docker pull<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u4e2d\u62c9\u53d6\u955c\u50cf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>docker push [IMG]<\/code><\/td><td>\u5c06\u540d\u4e3a [IMG] \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u6ce8\u518c\u8868<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-kubernetes-\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Kubernetes \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Docker \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u597d\u7528 Kubernetes \u547d\u4ee4\u3002Kubernetes \u91c7\u7528&nbsp;<code>kubectl<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9488\u5bf9 Kubernetes \u96c6\u7fa4\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece Kubernetes \u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\/\u6216\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-kubernetes-\">\u5217\u51fa Kubernetes \u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>kubectl get services<\/code><\/td><td>\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u540d\u79f0\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709 Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl get pods --all-namespaces<\/code><\/td><td>\u5217\u51fa<em>\u6240\u6709<\/em>\u540d\u79f0\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709 Pod<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl get pods -o wide<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u540d\u79f0\u7a7a\u95f4\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684 Pod \u8f93\u51fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl describe nodes [node-name]<\/code><\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u8282\u70b9&nbsp;<code>[node-name]<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl describe pods [pod-name]<\/code><\/td><td>\u663e\u793a Pod&nbsp;<code>[pod-name]<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"-kubernetes-\">\u64cd\u4f5c Kubernetes \u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>kubectl create deployment foo --image=foo<\/code><\/td><td>\u90e8\u7f72&nbsp;<code>foo<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl create -f .\/local-manifest.yaml<\/code><\/td><td>\u901a\u8fc7\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>local-manifest.yaml<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684 Kubernetes \u6e05\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u8d44\u6e90<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl delete -f .\/bar.json<\/code><\/td><td>\u5220\u9664\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>bar.json<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 Pod<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>kubectl delete pod,service silver gold<\/code><\/td><td>\u5220\u9664\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>silver<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>gold<\/code>&nbsp;\u6240\u6709 Pod \u548c\u670d\u52a1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u5173&nbsp;<code>kubectl<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/reference\/kubectl\/cheatsheet\/\">https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/reference\/kubectl\/cheatsheet\/<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"14\">\u7ed3\u675f\u8bed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u65e8\u5728\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9884\u70ed\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u60a8\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u8bf8\u5982&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.docker.com\/\">Docker<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/\">Kubernetes<\/a>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/istio.io\/\">Istio<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u91cd\u6e29\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u590d\u4e60\u5df2\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"15\">\u540e\u7eed\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u67e5\u770b&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.ibm.com\/cn\/blog\/2020\/kubernetes-learning-path\/\">Kubernetes \u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u559c\u6b22\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d44\u6e90\u548c Code Pattern\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/cloud.ibm.com\/docs\/containers?topic=containers-cs_cluster_tutorial#cs_cluster_tutorial&amp;cm_sp=ibmdev-_-developer-tutorials-_-cloudreg\">\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa Kubernetes \u96c6\u7fa4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/cloud\/info\/istio\">\u5728 IBM Cloud Kubernetes Service \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c Istio<\/a>\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/cloud.ibm.com\/kubernetes\/catalog\/registry?cm_sp=ibmdev-_-developer-tutorials-_-cloudreg\">\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406 Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf<\/a><\/li><li>Code Pattern\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.ibm.com\/cn\/patterns\/istio-for-multi-clusters-across-iks-and-icp\/\">\u5728\u79c1\u6709\u96c6\u7fa4\u548c\u516c\u5171\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Istio<\/a><\/li><li>Code Pattern\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.ibm.com\/patterns\/run-drupal-website-on-kubernetes\/\">\u5728 Kubernetes \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c Drupal Web \u7ad9\u70b9<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e91\u6280\u672f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u91cf\u6709\u5173\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5fc5\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\uff1aLinux\u00ae \u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[96,183,431],"class_list":["post-1995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-operating-system","tag-docker","tag-linux-2","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1995"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1995\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wxcn.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}